The central problems of our time do not come one at a time. Environmental, economic, social and political crises now overlap and reinforce each other. They form a polycrisis made up of wicked problems: problems with no clear definition, no single owner and no final solution. In Pakistan, that understanding is often missing. The structure of the state is poorly understood. The result is a growing distance between citizens and the state at the very moment when closing it matters most. This course treats that distance as its subject. It examines how the Pakistani state is constituted and how it works. It asks how formal design interacts with informal power, political economy and the information environment. inally, it brings these threads together through policy analysis. The course connects theory with practice and the domestic with the global. It builds skills that carry across every discipline: analysing institutions, evaluating evidence, reasoning about complexity and uncertainty, and making structured, well-supported arguments about contested public questions. The course develops graduates who understand how their society is governed, can think rigorously about its hardest problems, and are prepared to take part in public life as informed, critical and active citizens.
